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postgresql限制某个用户仅连接某一个数据库的操作

admin PostgreSQL 2022-02-10 16:27:29 postgresql   用户   连接数据库"

创建数据库bbb且owner为用户b:

postgres9.6@[local]:5432 postgres# create database bbb owner b;
CREATE DATABASE
Time: 259.099 ms

默认情况下使用用户c也可以连接数据库bbb:

postgres9.6@[local]:5432 postgres# \c bbb c
You are now connected to database "bbb" as user "c".

回收public的connect on database bbb权限:

c@[local]:5432 bbb# \c postgres postgres9.6
You are now connected to database "postgres" as user "postgres9.6".
postgres9.6@[local]:5432 postgres# revoke connect on database bbb from public;
REVOKE
Time: 2.088 ms

此时用户c没有了连接数据库bbb的权限:

postgres9.6@[local]:5432 postgres# \c bbb c
FATAL: permission denied for database "bbb"
DETAIL: User does not have CONNECT privilege.
Previous connection kept

但bbb数据库的owner用户b可以连接数据库:

postgres9.6@[local]:5432 postgres# \c bbb b
You are now connected to database "bbb" as user "b".
b@[local]:5432 bbb# 

此种情况下超级用户也可以连接该数据库:

b@[local]:5432 bbb# \c bbb postgres9.6
You are now connected to database "bbb" as user "postgres9.6".
postgres9.6@[local]:5432 bbb# 
postgres9.6@[local]:5432 bbb# \du
                  List of roles
 Role name |             Attributes             | Member of 
-------------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
 a      |                              | {}
 b      |                              | {}
 c      |                              | {}
 postgres9.6 | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}

另外一种方法:从pg_hba.conf中限定:

 # TYPE DATABASE    USER      ADDRESS         METHOD
# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local  all       all                  trust 
# IPv4 local connections:
host  all       all       127.0.0.1/32      trust
...
#
host  all  all        0.0.0.0/0       md5

补充:Postgres限制每个用户只能连接指定数量的session,防止服务器资源紧张

限制每个用户只能连接指定数量的session,防止服务器资源紧张

(1)创建测试用户test:

highgo=#create user test;
CREATEROLE
highgo=#\du
               List of roles
 Role name |          Attributes          | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------+----------
 highgo  | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication | {}
 test   |                        | {}

(2)设置仅允许用户test使用一个连接

highgo=#ALTER ROLE test CONNECTION LIMIT 1;
ALTERROLE

(3)在session 1中使用test用户连接highgo数据库

highgo=>\c highgo test
Youare now connected to database "highgo" as user "test".
highgo=>

(4)在session 2中也使用test用户连接highgo数据库,会出现如下错误:

highgo=#\c highgo test
致命错误: 由角色"test"发起的连接太多了
Previousconnection kept

(5)查询用户test链接限制

highgo=>SELECT rolconnlimit FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = 'test';
 rolconnlimit
--------------
      1
(1row)

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持潘少俊衡。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教。

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